<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n1. What is Ohm’s Law?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer:<\/strong> Ohm\u2019s Law explains the relationship between voltage, current and resistance. It states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it, as long as the temperature remains constant. The formula is V = I \u00d7 R, where V is voltage, I is current and R is resistance.For example:<\/strong> If a resistor has 10 ohms resistance and 5 volts are applied, the current will be 0.5 amperes.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n2. What is the difference between AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current)?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer: <\/strong>AC (Alternating Current) changes its direction periodically and is used in homes, offices, and industries. In India, its frequency is 50 hertz. DC (Direct Current) flows in only one direction and is used in batteries, mobile phones, laptops, and most electronic circuits. Even when devices are connected to an AC supply, they internally convert it into DC to function properly.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n3. What is the function of a diode?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer:<\/strong> A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in only one direction, from anode to cathode. It blocks current in the opposite direction. It is commonly used in circuits that convert AC (Alternating Current) to DC (Direct Current), protect components from reverse connections, and control voltage levels.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n4. What is a transistor and how is it used?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer:<\/strong> <\/strong>A transistor is a three terminal semiconductor device consisting of emitter, base and collector. It is mainly used in two ways.5. What are Kirchhoff’s Laws?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer:<\/strong> There are two important laws. KCL (Kirchhoff\u2019s Current Law) states that the total current entering a junction is equal to the total current leaving it. KVL (Kirchhoff\u2019s Voltage Law) states that the sum of all voltages in a closed loop is equal to zero. These laws help in solving complex circuits where simple formulas are not enough.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n6. What is the difference between a series and parallel circuit?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer: <\/strong>In a series circuit, the same current flows through all components, but the voltage is divided among them. If one component fails, the entire circuit stops working. In a parallel circuit, the voltage remains the same across all components, but the current is divided. If one component fails, the others continue to work. Most practical circuits use a combination of both.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n7. What does a capacitor do?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer:<\/strong> A capacitor stores electrical energy in the form of an electric field between two plates. It charges when connected to a power source and releases energy when the source is removed. Capacitors are used for filtering noise in power supplies, timing circuits, signal coupling, and energy storage in applications like camera flash circuits.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n8. What is a rectifier?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer:<\/strong> A rectifier is a circuit that converts AC (Alternating Current) into DC (Direct Current) using diodes. A half wave rectifier uses one diode and only allows one half of the AC signal to pass, making it less efficient. A full wave rectifier uses multiple diodes and converts both halves of the AC signal, giving a smoother and more efficient output. Rectifiers are commonly found in chargers and power supplies.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n9. What is the difference between analog and digital signals?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer:<\/strong> Analog signals are continuous and can take any value within a range, such as sound or temperature. Digital signals have only two states, zero and one, and are used in computers and modern electronic systems. Digital signals are more reliable and less affected by noise, which is why most modern devices use them. Devices like ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) are used to convert real world signals into digital form.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n10. What is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and why is it important?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nAnswer:<\/strong> PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is a flat board that connects electronic components using copper tracks instead of wires.